Guia docente 2023_24 Facultade de Filoloxía e Tradución

Variación e cambio do primeiro idioma estranxeiro: Inglés

Contidos

Tema	Subtema
0. INTRODUCTION	Language variation and language change. How and why do languages change? Attitudes to language change. Internal and external factors determining variation and change. Reconstructing the past: Data and evidence. Materials for the study of variation and change in English.
1. LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC CHANGE	Lexical change: Lexical borrowing. Loan words, calques and combining forms. Formation of new words: Compounding. Derivation. Conversion, clipping, blending, back-formation, reanalysis and folk etymology. Semantic change: Factors responsible for semantic change. Types of semantic change: Generalization and specialization. Melioration and pejoration. Metaphor, metonymy and synecdoche.
2. SOUND CHANGE	Types of sound change. Assimilation and dissimilation. Lenition and fortition. Fusion and unpacking. Elimination of hiatus. Addition and loss of segments: Prothesis, epenthesis, paragoge, aphaeresis, syncope and apocope. Metathesis and haplology.
3. MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE	Interrelation between phonological and morphological changes. Mechanisms of morphological change: Reanalysis Analogy. Analogical leveling. Contamination. Hypercorrection. Morphologization. Change in morphological type.
4. SYNTACTIC CHANGE	The interface between morphological and syntactic changes. Factors determining syntactic change: Internal and external. Types of syntactic change. Mechanisms of syntactic change. Grammaticalization. Syntactic borrowing: Reinforcement of native structures.
5. OTHER DETERMINANTS OF CHANGE	Introduction to several approaches to the study of variation and change: Historical sociolinguistics, democratization, colloquialization.