Statistical Signal Processing, encompassing both estimation and detection theory, can be found at the core of many decision-making and information-extracting systems, including communications, audio and image processing, biomedicine, radar, and big data systems, just to name a few. In this course an introduction to the basics of estimation and detection theory is provided. Since the course is targeted to electrical engineering students, the focus is on the development of practical estimation and detection algorithms amenable to implementation in digital processing systems.