Educational guide 2023_24
Escola de Enxeñaría Industrial
Grado en Ingeniería Biomédica
 Subjects
  Bioquemistry and cellular biology
   Contents
Topic Sub-topic
1. Chemical composition of biological systems. Macrobiogenic, microbiogenic and trace elments.
The molecular logic of life.
Structure of biological macromolecules.
2. Structural biochemistry of proteins. Aminoacids: structure and properties.
Peptide bond features.
Three-dimensional structure of proteins: protein folding.
Protein denaturation.
3. Principles of biocatalysis and regulation of enzyme activity. Enzymes as biological catalysts.
Enzyme structure and functional principles.
How enzymes work.
Substrate specificity: the active site.
Classification of enzymes and nomenclature.
Enzyme kinetics: the Michaelis-Menten equation and calculation of kinetic parameters.
4. Structural biochemistry of carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids. Biological relevance. Structural units: structure and chemical properties.
Macromolecular structure of carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids.
Biological relevance.
5. Cell membrane and extracellular matrix. Structure, composition and functions.
Membrane transport.
Cell junctions.
6. Organelles and intracellular traffic. Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
Vesicular trafficking.
Cell digestion: peroxisomes and lysosomes.
Mitochondria: structure and function.
Cytoplasmic inclusions.
7. Cytoskeleton and cell movement. Actin filaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments.
8. Nucleus, cell cycle, apoptosis. Nuclear envelope.
Chromatin and chromosomes: structure and dynamics.
Nucleolus.
Cell cycle regulation.
Cell death: apoptosis and necrosis.
Practice 1. Assay of enzyme activity. Obtention of an active fraction of beta-D-galactosidase.
Measurement of beta-D-galactosidase activity.
Practice 2. Quantification of total protein content in biological samples. Seroalbumin standard calibration curve by the Lowry method.
Determination of protein concentration in beta-D-galactosidase extract.
Practice 3. Kinetic characterization of enzyme activity. Substrate saturation curve for beta-D-galactosidase.
Determining Km and Vmax.
Practice 4. Thermal stability and optimum pH. Determining the optimum pH of beta-D-galactosidase activity.
Thermal inactivation of beta-D-galactosidase.
Practice 5. Cell types and extracellular matrix. Observation of cell types and extracellular matrices at light microscopy.
Practice 6. Cell organelles I. Observation of cell organelles at light microscopy.
Practice 7. Cell organelles II. Identification of cell organelles in electron microscopy images.
Practice 8. Cell cycle. Observation and quantification of mitotic phases in animal tissues.
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