Guia docente 2023_24 Facultade de Ciencias do Mar

Contents

Topic	Sub-topic
1. Kinematics of particles.	1.1. The position vector and the path. Celerity, velocity and acceleration (medium and instantaneous). 1.2. Intrinsic components of acceleration (normal and tangential) and his interpretation. 1.3. Movement of the particle in space. Analysis of different types of movements. 1.4. Change of the reference system. Relative movement. Translation and rotation of the reference axes. Drag velocity and relative velocity. Drag acceleration and relative acceleration
2. Newtonian dynamics.	2.1. Introduction: Dynamics as a part of physics. 2.2. Dynamics of the particle: Dynamic's principles or Newton's laws of motion. Linear momentum. Mechanical impulse. Linear momentum conservation theorem. Angular momentum and his conservation. Central forces. Dynamics of the circular movement. 2.3. Dynamics of systems of particles: Types of systems; internal and external forces. Centre of mass of a system of particles. Movement of a system of particles. Newton's second law for a system of particles. Linear momentum of a system of particles. Principle of conservation of linear momentum of a system of particles and applications. Angular momentum of a system of particles. Conservation of angular momentum in a system of particles. 2.4. Dynamics of the rigid solid: Dynamics of rotation. Momentum of inertia of rigid body. Calculation of momentums of inertia. Steiner's theorem. Kinetic momentum of rotation. Angular impulse. Conservation principle.
3. Work and energy	3.1. The different forms of energy. Definitions of work, power and energy. 3.2. Mechanical, kinetic and potential energy. Theorem of live forces. Conservation mechanical energy. 3.3. Mechanical, kinetic and potential energy of a system of particles. 3.4. Theorem of live forces and conservation of energy for a system of particles. 3.5. Kinetic rotational energy.
4. Simple harmonic motion.	4.1. The simple harmonic motion. Kinematics of the harmonic oscillator. Representation as rotating vectors. 4.2 Dynamics of the harmonic oscillator and his physical interpretation. Energy of a harmonic oscillator. 4.2. The simple pendulum. 4.3. Notion of forced oscillator. Resonance. 4.4. Fourier analysis of the periodic movement.
5. Gravitation. Applications to the Earth.	5.1. Historical evolution. 5.2. Newton's law of Gravitation. 5.3. Gravitational field and potential on Earth. The local gravitational field. 5.4. Movement of the planets and satellites
6. The Earth as a reference system.	6.1. The movements of the Earth in space. The stations. The phases of the Moon. 6.2. Dimensions and terrestrial coordinates. 6.3. The local reference system. Accelerations of inertia. 6.4. The Coriolis acceleration. 6.5. The centrifugal and terrestrial acceleration. The geopotential. 6.6. Newtonian theory of tides. The tidal ellipsoid.
7. Continuous media	7.1. Introduction, qualitative ranking of the material. 7.2. Elasticity and shear deformation.
LABORATORY	1. TREATMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA. 2. MEASURING INSTRUMENTS. 3. MEASURING THE REACTION TIME. 4. STATIC STUDY OF A SPRING. HOOKE'S LAW. 5. OSCILLATORY MOVEMENTS IN A SPRING. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION. 6. STUDY OF THE SIMPLE PENDULUM.