Guia docente 2023_24 Facultade de Bioloxía

Contents

Topic	Sub-topic
Xenobiotics and Toxicity	Definition of xenobiotic. Factors Affecting Toxicity. Phases of toxic action.
Exposure, Absorption and Distribution of Xenobiotics	Factors affecting the absorption and distribution of xenobiotics in the body. Elimination / Excretion.
Mechanisms of toxicity	Genotoxicity. Neurotoxicity. Hormonal disruptors. Metabolic disorders. Destabilization of cell membranes.
Metabolism of xenobiotics	Oxidation reactions: dependent and independent cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Reactions of reduction and hydrolysis. Conjugation Reactions.
Sequestration processes	Non-metabolizable xenobiotics. Mechanisms of sequestration. Immobilization and transport of metals in cells: metallothioneins. Toxic metal elimination.
Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense	Production of oxy-radicals and oxidative stress. Biological effects of reactive oxygen species. Antioxidant Cellular Defenses.
Biomonitoring and biomarkers	Specificity of biomarkers. Relationship between biomarkers and adverse effects of pollution. Global and specific biomarkers. Role of biomarkers in environmental assessment