| Block 1. 2D geometry. |
- Review of fundamental geometry concepts.
- Conics: definitions, focal and major circles, drawing a tangent to a conic curve.
- Constructing tangencies through loci, expansion/contraction and inversive geometry.
- Technical curves (roulettes): trochoids and involutes (evolvents). |
| Block 2. Projections. |
- Introduction: Types of projection. Projective invariants.
- Topographic projection: Representation of basic elements (points, lines, planes). Elementary constructions, intersections, parallelism and perpendicularity. Roof plans. Landform drawing.
- Multiview projection: Representation of basic elements (points, lines, planes). Parallelism and perpendicularity, true length of a segment, true size of a planar figure, planar sections.
- Pictorial representation: Axonometric projection (isometric, dimetric, trimetric). Oblique projection (cavalier and cabinet projection).
- Central projection: one-point perspective, two-point perspective and three-point perspective.
- Surfaces: Polyhedra. Curved surfaces (ruled surfaces and surfaces of revolution). Intersection between two surfaces. |
| Block 3. Standardisation. |
- Technical Drawing: Generalities. The graphic language of engineering. Major fields of application (architectural, topographical and engineering). Different forms of technical drawings (sketch, diagram, assembly drawing, part drawing, etc.).
- Introduction to standardisation: Benefi ts of standardization. Specifications, regulations and technical standards.
- Basic standards for Technical Drawing: Drawing sheets. Title blocks. Types of lines. Lettering. Scales. Folding of drawing sheets.
- General principles of representation: Basic conventions for views. Standard arrangements of the 6 principal orthographic views (first-angle and third-angle methods). Views (auxiliary, partial, local, symmetric, enlarged features). Sectional views (cuts and sections) and variations (offset sections, aligned sections, sections revolved in the relevant view, removed sections, half sections, local cuts, auxiliary sections). General conventions for hatching. Conventional representation (repeated features, simplified intersections, runouts, initial outlines).
- Dimensioning: Principles of dimensioning. Types of dimensioning. Types of dimensions. Elements of dimensioning (dimension line, nominal dimension value, terminator, etc.). Arrangement of dimensions (chain, parallel and running dimensioning). Dimensioning of common manufactured features (radii, diameters, spheres, chamfers, counterbores, countersinks, etc.).
- Threads. Elements of a thread. Types of threads. Standard representation of threads. Threads in assembly. Thread specification. Simplified representation.
- Working drawings: Assembly drawings (definition and types). General rules and conventions for assembly drawings. Parts list. Part drawings. Drawing numbering system. Examples.
- Tolerancing: Types of tolerances (dimensional and geometrical). Specifying dimensional tolerances (linear and angular). ISO system of tolerances ISO (tolerance grades, fundamental deviations, symbols). Fits. Examples. Microtolerances. |
