Guia docente 2017_18 Facultade de Química

Contents

Topic	Sub-topic
1. Nucleophilic substitution reactions	Bimolecular nucleophilic substitutions (SN2). Unimolecular nucleophilic substitutions (SN1). Kinetic, mechanisms, stereochemistry aspects. SN2 and SN1 competition. Transformations of functional groups through SN2 and SN1 processes.
2. Elimination Reactions.	Reactions of elimination. Bimolecular Elimination (E2). Unimolecular Elimination (E1). Base conjugated unimolecular elimination (E1cB). Intramolecular elimination (Ei). Mechanisms. Substitution and elimination competition. Application of elimination reactions in organic synthesis.
3. Oxidation-reduction reactions.	Oxidation-reduction reactions. Oxidation reactions of alcohols. Oxidation reactions of carbonyl compounds. Oxidative rupture of alkenes and alkynes. Reduction of aldehydes and ketones. Reduction of carboxylic acids, esters and nitriles.
5. Radical reactions.	Structure, stability and reactivity of radicals. Halogenation of alkanes. Radical addition of HBr to alkenes. Radical halogenation of allylic and benzilic systems. Polymerization of alkenes.
4. Reactivity in alpha position of carbonyl compounds.	Reactivity in alpha position of carbonyl groups. Enoles and enolates: general reactivity. Reactions of ketones and esters enolate anions. Enolate anion reactions with carbonylic compounds: aldol, Claisen, Dieckmann and Reformatsky reactions.
5. Bifunctional Compounds.	Reactivity of 1,2-Bifunctional compounds: pinacol rearrangement, benzoinic condensation, acyloin condensation, benzyl acid rearrangement, enolization. Reactions of beta-dicarbonyl compounds: malonic synthesis, acetoacetic ester synthesis, Knoevenagel reaction. Reactions of alpha-beta unsaturated carbonyl compounds: reactions with electrophiles, reactions with nucleophiles, carbanion addition (Michael reaction), Robinson annulation.
6. Pericyclic reactions.	General characteristics. Clasification. Electrocyclic reactions. Cycloaddition reactions. Sigmatropic reactions. Diels-Alder reaction. 1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions.