Guia docente 2017_18 Facultade de Química

Contents

Topic	Sub-topic
The process of crystallisation	Thermodynamic appearances of the *nucleación and crystalline growth. Kinetical of the crystalline growth. Structural factors associated.
The crystalline solids	Crystalline structure. Microscopic appearances. Crystalline morphology: macroscopic appearances.
Basic concepts of geometrical crystallography	Periodicity and symmetry. Two-dimensional networks. Groups of punctual symmetry. Notations of Schoenflies and Hermann-*Mauguin.
Three-dimensional networks	Space groups. Indexes of Miller. Fractional coordinates and axes of zone.
Crystallography of X-rays	The reciprocal network. Transformed of Fourier and diffraction in the reciprocal space.
Technicians of diffraction	Methods of monocristal and of dust. Spectrums of diffraction of X-rays: Law of Bragg. Sphere of *Ewald. Factor of structure. The problem of the phase.
Interpretation of spectrums of diffraction	Analysis of diagrams of diffraction of dust. Structural determination by means of electronic microscopy of high resolution (*HREM). Methods of characterisation of materials no crystalline.
Some applications of the technicians of diffraction	Characterisation of ceramic materials and alloys. Determination of the structure of proteins. Analysis *textural of amorphous materials and biological samples. Follow-up in real time of transitions of phase.
Growth of glasses in natural means	Biomineralización. Environments evaporíticos. Models of prediction of precipitation of crystalline phases.
Geochronology	Radioactive isotopes. Nuclear stability. Mechanisms of decomposition. Half life. Systems of temporary dating: K-Ar, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, Or-Th-Pb, 14C. Other methods of dating: footprints of fission.
Stable isotopes in Geology	Isotopic relation. Factors that determine the isotopic fractionation. Applications like kinetical and thermodynamic markers of processes *geoquímicos.