– The five kingdoms. Unicellular and multicellular organisms. |
idem |
– Origin of metazoas, levels of organisation. Analogy and homology. The symmetry. Classifying animals. The biological nomenclature. Systematics. Filogeny. |
idem |
– The invertebrates protostomes. Lophotrochozoa and ecdysozoa. |
idem |
Introduction to the Phylum chordata. Characteristics of the subphyla urochordata and cephalochordata. |
idem |
Marine condrichthyes, osteichthyes, birds and mammalia. |
idem |
- Field of study of the ecology: The biological macroscopic systems: The ecology how science of synthesis; historical review. Levels of organisation; hierarchy and emergent properties. General theory of systems. System to level supra organismic. The ecosystem. The parts (diversity) and it all (energetic). |
The ecological topics coincides with Sub-topics. |
- Decomposition of the environment factors: conditions and resources. Limiting factors. Limits of tolerance and optimal physiological. Ecological indicators. Ecological niche. Ecological profiles. |
idem |