Guia docente 2020_21 Facultade de Química

Analytical Chemistry II: Optical Methods of Analysis

Contents

Topic	Sub-topic
SUBJECT 1. Introduction to instrumental analytical techniques.	Classification of the instrumental techniques of analysis. Quality parameters of an instrumental method: Validation. Methods of calibration in instrumental analysis: external calibration, standard addition and internal standard. Characteristics of the calibration curves. Fitting and statistical parameters of calibration lines.
SUBJECT 2. Optical methods of analysis: generalities.	Electromagnetic spectrum. Phenomena of interaction between the electromagnetic radiation and the matter. Classification of the optical methods of analysis. Instrumental components and representative configurations of the different instruments. Signals and noise.
SUBJECT 3. UV-vis molecular absorption spectroscopy	Fundamentals of the UV-vis molecular absorption spectroscopy. Basic concepts. Lambert-Beer Law. Deviations of the Lambert-Beer law. Absorbent species. Types of instruments. Analytical methodology and applications.
SUBJECT 4. Luminescent techniques.	Fundamentals. Mechanisms of molecular deactivation. Fluorescence and Phosphorescence. Factors influencing the luminescence. Quenching of the fluorescence. Chemiluminescence and Bioluminescence. Instrumentation. Analytical methodology and applications.
SUBJECT 5. Infrared and Raman spectroscopy.	Fundamentals. Modes of molecular vibration. Infrared spectrum and molecular structure. Raman spectroscopy. Origin of the Raman spectra. Instrumentation. Methodology. Applications in qualitative, quantitative and structural analysis.
SUBJECT 6. Atomic absorption spectroscopy.	Fundamentals. Origin of atomic spectra. Flame atomizer. Atomization processes in flames. Graphite furnace atomizer. Thermal programs. Interferences. Instrumentation. Background correctors. Methods of vapor generation. Analytical methodology and applications. Atomic fluorescence spectrometry.
SUBJECT 7. Atomic emission spectroscopy	Fundamentals. Sources of excitation. Flame atomic emission spectrometry (Flame photometry). Spectrometry of emission in arc and spark. Inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Inductively-coupled plasma-Mass spectrometry. Instrumentation. Interferences. Analytical methodology and applications.
SUBJECT 8. X-ray Spectroscopy.	Fundamentals. Origin of the X-ray spectra. Interaction between the radiation of the X-ray region and matter: absorption, emission, fluorescence and diffraction. Spectroscopy of X-ray fluorescence. Instrumentation. Analytical methodology and applications.