Guia docente 2020_21 Facultade de Química

Physical chemistry I: Chemical thermodynamics

Contents

Topic	Sub-topic
The laws of the thermodynamic in Chemistry.	First Law of thermodynamics. Internal energy. Enthalpy. Heat capacities . Thermochemistry. Second law of thermodynamics. Entropy. Molecular interpretation of the entropy. Third law of thermodynamics. Calculation of the variations of entropy.
Thermodynamic functions	Gibbs Equations. Maxwell relationships. Calculation of variations of the state functions . Open systems. Partial Molar quantities. Chemical potential. Chemical potential of an ideal gas. Chemical potential of the real gases.
Phase equilibrrium in systems of one component.	Concepts of component, phase and degree of freedom. Equilibrium conditions between phases. Phases Rule. First order transitions. Clapeyron and Clausius Equations.
Ideal Solutions.	Molar partial Volume. Gibbs-Duhem Equation. Ideal solutions: Raoult law. Vapour pressure diagrams. Ideal diluted solutions: Henry Law. Colligative Properties
Non-ideal Solutions.	Deviations of the Raoult law. Activity and activity coefficient . Electrolitic solutions. Debye-Hückel theory.
Chemical equilibrium	Equilibrium conditions . Extent of reaction. Perfect gas equilibria. Equilibrium is solution reactions. Response of equilibria to temperature. Le Chatelier´s principle. Acid-base equilibria. Solubility Product. Salt effects. Electrochemical cells. Nerst Equation.
Prácticas de Laboratorio	- Determinación experimental de constantes de equilibrio empregando técnicas espectrofotométricas ou potenciométricas. - Determinación experimental de entalpías de combustión, disolución, neutralización, fusión ou vaporización. - Determinación experimental de propiedades coligativas. - Determinación experimental de coeficientes de actividade