Subject 1: Atomic structure |
Structure of the hydrogenic atoms: atomic orbital, function of radial distribution, forms of the atomic orbital. Polyelectronic atoms: Penetration and shielding, effective nuclear charge, "aufbau". Atomic parameters: atomic, ionic, covalent and van der Waals radius. Lanthanide contraction. Electronegativity. Polarizability.
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Subject 2: Chemical bonding |
Theory of OM. Types of orbital: sigma, pi, delta. Diagram of energies for diatomic homo- and heteronuclear molecules. Bonding in alkenes and alkynes. |
Subject 4: Solid state |
Structure of the simple solids. Sphere packing. Structure of the metals. Alloys. Metallic bonding. Semicondutors. Ionic solids. Energetic aspects. |
Subject 6: Acid-base |
Acid-base theories. Brönsted acids and bases: acid and base strength. Concept of pKa. Relationship between structure and acidity. Lewis acids and bases: Definition, examples. Fundamental types of Lewis acid-base reactions. Dissolvent as acids and bases. Hard and soft acids and bases: Classification, interpretation of the interactions between hard and soft acids and bases.
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Subject 8: Organic Compounds and functional groups |
Structure and geometry. Approach and nomenclature of organic compounds. Physical properties. |
Subject 10: Polymers |
Polymer types according to origin, composition, structure and behaviour in front of heat. Copolymerization. Mechanisms of polymerization. Molecular structure of the polymers. Biopolymers. Colloids and surfaces. Surface tension and surfactants. |